Chapter 209: Smoking Cessation

Over 480,000 individuals die prematurely each year in the United States from cigarette use: one out of every five deaths nationwide. Approximately 40% of smokers will die prematurely unless they are able to quit; risks of major diseases caused by cigarette smoking are listed in Table 209-1.
TABLE 209-1: Relative Risks for Current Smokers of Cigarettes
AGE35–4445–6465–74≥75
Males
Lung cancer14.3319.0328.2922.51
Coronary heart disease3.882.992.761.98
Cerebrovascular disease2.171.481.231.12
Other vascular diseases  7.254.93
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)  29.6923.01
All causes2.552.973.022.40
Females
Lung cancer13.3018.9523.6523.08
Other tobacco-related cancers1.282.082.061.93
Coronary heart disease4.983.253.292.25
Cerebrovascular disease2.271.701.241.10
Other vascular diseases  6.815.77
COPD  38.8920.96
All causes1.792.632.872.47
Relative risks for selected other cancers
Other cancersMaleFemale
Larynx14.613
Lip, oral cavity, pharynx10.95.1
Esophagus6.87.8
Bladder3.32.2
Kidney2.71.3
Pancreas2.32.3
Stomach21.4
Liver1.71.7
Colorectal1.21.2
Cervix 1.6
Acute myeloid leukemia1.41.4

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