PRESENTATION
- Hematemesis: Vomiting of blood or altered blood (“coffee grounds”) indicates bleeding proximal to ligament of Treitz.
- Melena: Altered (black) blood per rectum (>100-mL blood required for one melenic stool) usually indicates bleeding proximal to ligament of Treitz but may be as distal as ascending colon; pseudomelena may be caused by ingestion of iron, bismuth, licorice, beets, blueberries, and charcoal.
- Hematochezia: Bright red or maroon rectal bleeding usually implies bleeding beyond ligament of Treitz but may be due to rapid upper GI bleeding (>1000 mL).
- Positive fecal occult blood test with or without iron deficiency.
- Symptoms of blood loss: e.g., light-headedness or shortness of breath.
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Citation
Kasper, Dennis L., et al., editors. "PRESENTATION." Harrison's Manual of Medicine, 20th ed., McGraw Hill Inc., 2020. harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623558/all/PRESENTATION.
PRESENTATION. In: Kasper DLD, Fauci ASA, Hauser SLS, et al, eds. Harrison's Manual of Medicine. McGraw Hill Inc.; 2020. https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623558/all/PRESENTATION. Accessed November 10, 2024.
PRESENTATION. (2020). In Kasper, D. L., Fauci, A. S., Hauser, S. L., Longo, D. L., Jameson, J. L., & Loscalzo, J. (Eds.), Harrison's Manual of Medicine (20th ed.). McGraw Hill Inc.. https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623558/all/PRESENTATION
PRESENTATION [Internet]. In: Kasper DLD, Fauci ASA, Hauser SLS, Longo DLD, Jameson JLJ, Loscalzo JJ, editors. Harrison's Manual of Medicine. McGraw Hill Inc.; 2020. [cited 2024 November 10]. Available from: https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623558/all/PRESENTATION.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - PRESENTATION
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ED - Loscalzo,Joseph,
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ED - Fauci,Anthony S,
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ED - Longo,Dan L,
BT - Harrison's Manual of Medicine
UR - https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623558/all/PRESENTATION
PB - McGraw Hill Inc.
ET - 20
DB - Harrison's Manual of Medicine
DP - Unbound Medicine
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