TOXOPLASMOSIS
MICROBIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY
Toxoplasmosis is caused by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii; cats and their prey are the definitive hosts. The primary route of transmission to humans is ingestion of tissue cysts from soil, food (e.g., undercooked meat), or water contaminated by cat feces.
- Roughly one-third of women who contract T. gondii during pregnancy transmit the parasite to the fetus, with a 65% risk of transmission if maternal infection is acquired in the third trimester.
- In the United States and most European countries, seroconversion rates increase with age and exposure. In the United States in 2009–2010, 13.2% of individuals >6 years old had serologic evidence of exposure; rates are higher in most other regions of the world.
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Citation
Kasper, Dennis L., et al., editors. "TOXOPLASMOSIS." Harrison's Manual of Medicine, 20th ed., McGraw Hill Inc., 2020. harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623294/all/TOXOPLASMOSIS.
TOXOPLASMOSIS. In: Kasper DLD, Fauci ASA, Hauser SLS, et al, eds. Harrison's Manual of Medicine. McGraw Hill Inc.; 2020. https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623294/all/TOXOPLASMOSIS. Accessed December 2, 2024.
TOXOPLASMOSIS. (2020). In Kasper, D. L., Fauci, A. S., Hauser, S. L., Longo, D. L., Jameson, J. L., & Loscalzo, J. (Eds.), Harrison's Manual of Medicine (20th ed.). McGraw Hill Inc.. https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623294/all/TOXOPLASMOSIS
TOXOPLASMOSIS [Internet]. In: Kasper DLD, Fauci ASA, Hauser SLS, Longo DLD, Jameson JLJ, Loscalzo JJ, editors. Harrison's Manual of Medicine. McGraw Hill Inc.; 2020. [cited 2024 December 02]. Available from: https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623294/all/TOXOPLASMOSIS.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - ELEC
T1 - TOXOPLASMOSIS
ID - 623294
ED - Jameson,J Larry,
ED - Loscalzo,Joseph,
ED - Kasper,Dennis L,
ED - Fauci,Anthony S,
ED - Hauser,Stephen L,
ED - Longo,Dan L,
BT - Harrison's Manual of Medicine
UR - https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623294/all/TOXOPLASMOSIS
PB - McGraw Hill Inc.
ET - 20
DB - Harrison's Manual of Medicine
DP - Unbound Medicine
ER -