LYME BORRELIOSIS
MICROBIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY
Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, is a fastidious microaerophilic spirochete. The human infection Lyme borreliosis is caused primarily by three pathogenic genospecies: B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (hereafter referred to as B. burgdorferi), Borrelia garinii, and Borrelia afzelii.
- B. burgdorferi is the sole cause of Lyme borreliosis in the United States; all three genospecies are found in Europe, and the latter two species occur in Asia.
- Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne illness in the United States, with ∼300,000 cases each year.
- Ixodes ticks transmit the disease.
- I. scapularis, which also transmits babesiosis and anaplasmosis, is found in northeastern and midwestern states; I. pacificus is found in western states.
- The white-footed mouse is the preferred host for larval and nymphal I. scapularis. Adult ticks prefer the white-tailed deer as host.
- Nymphal ticks transmit the disease to humans during the early summer months after feeding for ≥24 h.
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Citation
Kasper, Dennis L., et al., editors. "LYME BORRELIOSIS." Harrison's Manual of Medicine, 20th ed., McGraw Hill Inc., 2020. harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623249/all/LYME_BORRELIOSIS.
LYME BORRELIOSIS. In: Kasper DLD, Fauci ASA, Hauser SLS, et al, eds. Harrison's Manual of Medicine. McGraw Hill Inc.; 2020. https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623249/all/LYME_BORRELIOSIS. Accessed December 2, 2024.
LYME BORRELIOSIS. (2020). In Kasper, D. L., Fauci, A. S., Hauser, S. L., Longo, D. L., Jameson, J. L., & Loscalzo, J. (Eds.), Harrison's Manual of Medicine (20th ed.). McGraw Hill Inc.. https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623249/all/LYME_BORRELIOSIS
LYME BORRELIOSIS [Internet]. In: Kasper DLD, Fauci ASA, Hauser SLS, Longo DLD, Jameson JLJ, Loscalzo JJ, editors. Harrison's Manual of Medicine. McGraw Hill Inc.; 2020. [cited 2024 December 02]. Available from: https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623249/all/LYME_BORRELIOSIS.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - LYME BORRELIOSIS
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ED - Kasper,Dennis L,
ED - Fauci,Anthony S,
ED - Hauser,Stephen L,
ED - Longo,Dan L,
BT - Harrison's Manual of Medicine
UR - https://harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623249/all/LYME_BORRELIOSIS
PB - McGraw Hill Inc.
ET - 20
DB - Harrison's Manual of Medicine
DP - Unbound Medicine
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