Chapter 207: Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide; prevention is targeted at modifiable risk factors (Table 207-1). Identification and control of these attributes reduce cardiovascular event rates.
TABLE 207-1: Atherosclerotic Risk Factors
Modifiable Risk Factors
 Cigarette smoking
 Dyslipidemias (↑LDL or ↓HDL)
 Hypertension
 Diabetes mellitus
 Obesity
 Sedentary lifestyle
Unmodifiable Risk Factors
 Premature coronary heart disease in first-degree relatives (age <55 in men, <65 in women)
 Age (men ≥45 years; women ≥55 years)
 Male sex

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