Harrison's Manual of Medicine
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
To view the entire topic, please log in or purchase a subscription.
Harrison’s Manual of Medicine 20th edition provides 600+ internal medicine topics in a rapid-access format. Download Harrison’s App to iPhone, iPad, and Android smartphone and tablet. Explore these free sample topics:
-- The first section of this topic is shown below --
Visualizes heart in real time with ultrasound; Doppler recordings noninvasively assess hemodynamics and abnormal flow patterns (Table 114-1 and Fig. 114-1). Imaging may be compromised in pts with chronic obstructive lung disease, thick chest wall, or narrow intercostal spaces. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is performed when higher resolution images of cardiac structures is required.
2-D Echo Cardiac chambers: size, hypertrophy, wall motion abnormalities Valves: morphology and motion Pericardium: effusion, tamponade Aorta: aneurysm, dissection Assess intracardiac masses Doppler Echocardiography Valvular stenosis and regurgitation Intracardiac shunts Diastolic filling/dysfunction Approximate intracardiac pressures | Transesophageal Echocardiography Superior to 2-D echo to identify: Infective endocarditis Cardiac source of embolism Prosthetic valve dysfunction Aortic dissection Stress Echocardiography Assess myocardial ischemia and viability |
Two-dimensional echocardiographic still-frame images of a normal heart. Upper: Parasternal long axis view during systole and diastole (left) and systole (right). During systole, there is thickening of the myocardium and reduction in the size of the left ventricle (LV). The valve leaflets are thin and open widely. Lower: Parasternal short axis view during diastole (left) and systole (right) demonstrating a decrease in the left ventricular cavity size during systole as well as an increase in wall thickness. Ao, aorta. (Reproduced from Myerburg RJ: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, 1991.)
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
Visualizes heart in real time with ultrasound; Doppler recordings noninvasively assess hemodynamics and abnormal flow patterns (Table 114-1 and Fig. 114-1). Imaging may be compromised in pts with chronic obstructive lung disease, thick chest wall, or narrow intercostal spaces. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is performed when higher resolution images of cardiac structures is required.
2-D Echo Cardiac chambers: size, hypertrophy, wall motion abnormalities Valves: morphology and motion Pericardium: effusion, tamponade Aorta: aneurysm, dissection Assess intracardiac masses Doppler Echocardiography Valvular stenosis and regurgitation Intracardiac shunts Diastolic filling/dysfunction Approximate intracardiac pressures | Transesophageal Echocardiography Superior to 2-D echo to identify: Infective endocarditis Cardiac source of embolism Prosthetic valve dysfunction Aortic dissection Stress Echocardiography Assess myocardial ischemia and viability |
Two-dimensional echocardiographic still-frame images of a normal heart. Upper: Parasternal long axis view during systole and diastole (left) and systole (right). During systole, there is thickening of the myocardium and reduction in the size of the left ventricle (LV). The valve leaflets are thin and open widely. Lower: Parasternal short axis view during diastole (left) and systole (right) demonstrating a decrease in the left ventricular cavity size during systole as well as an increase in wall thickness. Ao, aorta. (Reproduced from Myerburg RJ: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, 1991.)
There's more to see -- the rest of this entry is available only to subscribers.
