Penicillium marneffei is a leading cause of opportunistic infection in pts with immunocompromise (e.g., due to AIDS) in Southeast Asia and is acquired by spore inhalation. Clinical manifestations are similar to those of disseminated histoplasmosis, with fever, weight loss, generalized lymphadenopathy, and hepatomegaly. Diffuse papular lesions are common in pts with AIDS. AmB is the treatment of choice for severely ill pts; less severe disease may be treated with itraconazole. Primary therapy is usually given for 2 months; suppressive therapy with itraconazole may be indicated for pts with HIV infection or AIDS.