Pneumonia, an infection of the pulmonary parenchyma, is classified as community-acquired (CAP) or health care-associated (HCAP). The HCAP category is subdivided into hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). HCAP is associated with hospitalization for ≥48 h, hospitalization for ≥2 days in the prior 3 months, nursing home or extended-care facility residence, antibiotic therapy in the preceding 3 months, chronic dialysis, home infusion therapy, home wound care, and contact with a family member who has a multidrug-resistant (MDR) infection.